Balanced solar tracker clamp

ABSTRACT

A solar tracker including a torque tube, a drive device connected to one end of the torque tube, a frame assembly coupled to the torque tube, the frame assembly arranged perpendicular to the axis of the torque tube and supporting a plurality of solar modules. The solar tracker further includes a clamp assembly having a housing coupled to the torque tube where the torque tube is coupled to the housing, the housing having an opening with a major plane normal to a length of the torque tube, the opening having an inner region that acts as a stop for the torque tube when moved in a first direction, and as a stop for the torque tube when moved in a second direction and the drive device is operable to move the torque tube about a center of rotation from a first position to a second position.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present invention is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S.application Ser. No. 15/656,974 filed Jul. 21, 2017, which is acontinuation of and claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No.15/261,681 filed Sep. 9, 2016 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,863,667 issued onJan. 9, 2018), which is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S.application Ser. No. 14/184,656 filed Feb. 19, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No.9,466,749 issued on Oct. 11, 2016), which claims priority to U.S.Provisional Application No. 61/780,955 filed Mar. 13, 2013 and U.S.Provisional Application No. 61/780,947 filed Mar. 13, 2013, and is acontinuation in part of and claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No.14/101,273 filed Dec. 9, 2013 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,905,717 issued onFeb. 27, 2018) which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.61/735,537 filed Dec. 10, 2012, each of which is incorporated byreference herein for all purposes.

BACKGROUND

The present application relates generally to a tracking system for solarpanels. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention providetracking systems that are suitable for solar panels. In a specificembodiment, a tracking system according to the present invention isfully adjustable in at each of the pillars, among other aspects. Thereare other embodiments as well.

As the population of the world increases, industrial expansion has leadto an equally large consumption of energy. Energy often comes fromfossil fuels, including coal and oil, hydroelectric plants, nuclearsources, and others. As an example, the International Energy Agencyprojects further increases in oil consumption, with developing nationssuch as China and India accounting for most of the increase. Almostevery element of our daily lives depends, in part, on oil, which isbecoming increasingly scarce. As time further progresses, an era of“cheap” and plentiful oil is coming to an end. Accordingly, other andalternative sources of energy have been developed.

Concurrent with oil, we have also relied upon other very useful sourcesof energy such as hydroelectric, nuclear, and the like to provide ourelectricity needs. As an example, most of our conventional electricityrequirements for home and business use come from turbines run on coal orother forms of fossil fuel, nuclear power generation plants, andhydroelectric plants, as well as other forms of renewable energy. Oftentimes, home and business use of electrical power has been stable andwidespread.

Most importantly, much if not all of the useful energy found on theEarth comes from our sun. Generally all common plant life on the Earthachieves life using photosynthesis processes from sun light. Fossilfuels such as oil were also developed from biological materials derivedfrom energy associated with the sun. For human beings including “sunworshipers,” sunlight has been essential. For life on the planet Earth,the sun has been our most important energy source and fuel for modernday solar energy.

Solar energy possesses many characteristics that are very desirable!Solar energy is renewable, clean, abundant, and often widespread.Certain technologies have been developed to capture solar energy,concentrate it, store it, and convert it into other useful forms ofenergy.

Solar panels have been developed to convert sunlight into energy. As anexample, solar thermal panels often convert electromagnetic radiationfrom the sun into thermal energy for heating homes, running certainindustrial processes, or driving high grade turbines to generateelectricity. As another example, solar photovoltaic panels convertsunlight directly into electricity for a variety of applications. Solarpanels are generally composed of an array of solar cells, which areinterconnected to each other. The cells are often arranged in seriesand/or parallel groups of cells in series. Accordingly, solar panelshave great potential to benefit our nation, security, and human users.They can even diversify our energy requirements and reduce the world'sdependence on oil and other potentially detrimental sources of energy.

Although solar panels have been used successfully for certainapplications, there are still limitations. Often, solar panels areunable to convert energy at their full potential due to the fact thatthe sun is often at an angle that is not optimum for the solar cells toreceive solar energy. In the past, various types of conventional solartracking mechanisms have been developed. Unfortunately, conventionalsolar tracking techniques are often inadequate. These and otherlimitations are described throughout the present specification, and maybe described in more detail below.

From the above, it is seen that techniques for improving solar systemsare highly desirable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application relates generally to a tracking system for solarpanels. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention providetracking systems that are suitable for solar panels. In a specificembodiment, a tracking system according to the present invention isfully adjustable in at each of the pillars, among other aspects. Thereare other embodiments as well.

In an example, the present invention provides a solar tracker apparatus.In an example, the apparatus comprises a center of mass with anadjustable hanger assembly configured with a clam shell clamp assemblyon the adjustable hanger assembly and a cylindrical torque tubecomprising a plurality of torque tubes configured together in acontinuous length from a first end to a second end such that the centerof mass is aligned with a center of rotation of the cylindrical torquetubes to reduce a load of a drive motor operably coupled to thecylindrical torque tube. Further details of the present example, amongothers, can be found throughout the present specification and moreparticularly below.

Various additional objects, features and advantages of the presentinvention can be more fully appreciated with reference to the detaileddescription and accompanying drawings that follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a horizontal trackerapparatus configured with a plurality of solar modules according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2 through 7 illustrate a method of assembling the horizontaltracker apparatus of FIG. 1.

FIG. 8 is a simplified perspective view of a pair of horizontal trackerapparatus configured together with a plurality of solar panels accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram of a plurality of horizontal trackerapparatus configured together according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram of an array of a plurality of horizontaltracker apparatus configured together according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly for the horizontaltracker of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 12 through 14 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the clamp assembly of FIG. 11.

FIG. 15 is a simplified perspective diagram of a drive assemblyconfigured on a pier member according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 16 through 19 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the drive assembly of FIG. 15.

FIG. 20 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly separate and apart from a pier member according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 22 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member in a first orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member in a second orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a first orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a second orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a third orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a fourth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a fifth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a sixth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 30 through 32 illustrate an in-line view of the clamp assembly andthe drive assembly in multiple configurations according to embodimentsof the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a side view diagram of the tracker apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 34 and 35 are simplified side view diagrams of a torque tubeaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 36, 37, and 38 are simplified perspective-view, side view, andfront view diagrams of a clamp member according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIGS. 39 and 40 are simplified perspective-view and side view diagramsof a clamp housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 41, 42, 43, and 44 are simplified diagrams of component(s) for aU-bolt member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 45, 46, and 47 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method ofconfiguring a U-bolt member to a torque tube according to an embodimentof the present invention.

FIGS. 48 and 49 illustrate various views of a tracker apparatusaccording to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 50 and 51 illustrate views of a tracker apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 52 and 53 illustrate an illustration of a torque tube according toan embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 54 is a perspective diagram of a clamp housing and support memberaccording to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 55 is a perspective diagram of a clamp housing and support memberaccording to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 56 is a front-view diagram of the clamp housing and support memberaccording to an example of the present invention.

FIGS. 57 and 58 illustrate a perspective view and a front view of thesupport member according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 59 illustrate a perspective view of the clamp housing according toan example of the present invention.

FIG. 60 is an illustration of a plurality of torque tubes configured ina stack for transportation in an example.

FIG. 61 is a more detailed illustration of a U-bolt and clamp having arecessed region for stacking in the stack of the prior Figure.

FIGS. 62, 63, and 64 illustrate various views of the drive devicesupport member according to an example of the present invention.

FIGS. 65 and 66 illustrate various views of a clamp assembly accordingto an example of the present invention.

FIGS. 67 through 71 illustrate various view of a horizontal trackerconfigured with a plurality of solar panels in a portrait view accordingto examples of the present invention.

FIG. 72 is a simplified plot illustrating a force plotted against a windspeed in an example of the present invention.

FIGS. 73, 74, and 75 illustrate a support member in a perspective,front, and side view diagrams according to examples of the presentinvention.

FIGS. 76 and 77 are simplified side-view diagrams of the support andclamp assembly from a first side view and a second side view.

FIGS. 78 through 83 are various simplified illustrations of a frame,torque tube, and clamp assembly according to embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIG. 84 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly with support in afirst position configured in a portion of the elongated slot in thesupport member.

FIG. 85 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly with support in afirst position configured in a first portion of the elongated slot inthe support member, and a second position configured in a second portionof the elongated slot of the support member.

FIG. 86 is an expanded view of the clamp assembly configured to thesupport member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

The present application relates generally to a tracking system for solarpanels. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention providetracking systems that are suitable for solar panels. In a specificembodiment, a tracking system according to the present invention isfully adjustable in at each of the pillars, among other aspects. Thereare other embodiments as well.

In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a trackerapparatus for solar modules. The tracker apparatus has a first piercomprising a first pivot device and a second pier comprising a drivemount. The drive mount is capable for construction tolerances in atleast three-axis, and is configured to a drive device. The drive devicehas an off-set clamp device coupled to a cylindrical bearing devicecoupled to a clamp member. The apparatus has a cylindrical torque tubeoperably disposed on the first pier and the second pier. The cylindricaltorque tube comprises a first end and a second end, and a notch. Thenotch is one of a plurality of notches spatially disposed along a lengthof the cylindrical torque tube. The apparatus has a clamp configuredaround an annular portion of the cylindrical torque tube and mate withthe notch to prevent movement of the clamp. The clamp comprises asupport region configured to support a portion of a solar module.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides analternative solar tracker apparatus. The apparatus has a drive device, acrank coupled to the drive device and configured in an offset manner toa frame assembly. The frame assembly is coupled to a plurality of solarmodules.

In an example, the apparatus has a continuous torque tube spatiallydisposed from a first region to a second region. The crank comprises afirst crank coupled to a first side of the drive device and a secondcrank coupled to a second side of the drive device. The crank comprisesa first crank coupled to a first side of the drive device and a secondcrank coupled to a second side of the drive device; and furthercomprises a first torque tube coupled to the first crank and a secondtorque tube coupled to the second crank. The crank comprises a firstcrank coupled to a first side of the drive device and a second crankcoupled to a second side of the drive device; and further comprises afirst torque tube coupled to the first crank and a second torque tubecoupled to the second crank, and further comprises a first swage fittingcoupling the first crank to the first torque tube and a second swagefitting coupling the second crank to the second torque tube. Theapparatus also has a pier coupled to the drive device. In an example,the apparatus also has a drive mount coupled to a pier.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides analternative solar tracker apparatus. The apparatus has a center of masswith an adjustable hanger assembly configured with a clam shell clampassembly on the adjustable hanger assembly and a cylindrical torque tubecomprising a plurality of torque tubes configured together in acontinuous length from a first end to a second end such that the centerof mass is aligned with a center of rotation of the cylindrical torquetubes to reduce a load of a drive motor operably coupled to thecylindrical torque tube.

In an example, the drive motor is operable to move the torque tube aboutthe center of rotation and is substantially free from a load. The centerof rotation is offset from a center of the cylindrical torque tube.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a solartracker apparatus. The apparatus has a clamp housing member configuredin an upright direction. The clamp housing member comprises a lowerregion and an upper region. The lower region is coupled to a pierstructure, and the upper region comprises a spherical bearing device.The upright direction is away from a direction of gravity. The apparatushas a clam shell clamp member coupled to the cylindrical bearing and atorque tube coupled to the spherical bearing to support the torque tubefrom the upper region of the clamp housing member. The torque tube isconfigured from an off-set position from a center region of rotation.

In an example, the apparatus is configured substantially free from anywelds during assembly. Reduced welding lowers cost, improvesinstallation time, avoids errors in installation, improvesmanufacturability, and reduces component count through standardizedparts. The torque tube is coupled to another torque tube via a swagedevice within a vicinity of the clam shall clamp member. In an example,the connection is low cost, and provides for strong axial and torsionalloading. The apparatus is quick to install with the pokey-yoke design.The torque tube is coupled to an elastomeric damper in line to dampentorque movement to be substantially free from formation of a harmonicwaveform along any portion of a plurality of solar panels configured tothe torque tube. The apparatus also has a locking damper or rigidstructure to configure a solar panel coupled to the torque tube in afixed tilt position to prevent damage to stopper and lock into afoundation-in a position that is substantially free from fluttering inan environment with high movement of air. The apparatus furthercomprises a controller apparatus configured in an inserter box providedin an underground region to protect the controller apparatus. Theapparatus has a drive device to linearly actuate the torque tube. In anexample, the apparatus uses an electrical connection coupled to a drivedevice. In an example, the spherical bearing allows for a constructiontolerance, tracker movement, and acts as a bonding path of leastresistance taking an electrical current to ground. The apparatus can beone of a plurality of tracker apparatus configured in an array within ageographic region. Each of the plurality of tracker apparatus is drivenindependently of each other to cause each row to stow independently at adifferent or similar angle.

Still further, the present invention provides a tracker apparatuscomprising a clam shell apparatus, which has a first member operablycoupled to a second member to hold a torque tube in place.

In an example, the apparatus also has a clamp housing operably coupledto the clam shell apparatus via a spherical bearing device such that thespherical bearing comprises an axis of rotation. The axis of rotation isdifferent from a center of the torque tube. The apparatus furthercomprises a solar module coupled to the torque tube.

In an example, the invention provides a tracker apparatus comprising aplurality of torque tubes comprising a first torque tube coupled to asecond torque tube coupled to an Nth torque tube, whereupon N is aninteger greater than 2. Each pair of torque tubes is coupled to eachother free from any welds.

In an example, each pair of torque tubes is swaged fitted together. Eachof the torque tubes is cylindrical in shape. Each of the plurality oftorque tubes is characterized by a length greater than 80 meters. Eachof the torque tubes comprises a plurality of notches. In an example, theapparatus also has a plurality of U-bolt devices coupled respectively tothe plurality of notches. Each of the plurality of torque tubes are madeof steel.

In an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a trackerapparatus having a pier member comprising a lower region and an upperregion. A clamp holding member is configured to the upper region and iscapable of moving in at least a first direction, a second directionopposite to the first direction, a third direction normal to the firstdirection and the second direction, a fourth direction opposite of thethird direction, a fifth direction normal to the first direction, thesecond direction, the third direction, and the fourth direction, and asixth direction opposite of the fifth direction.

In yet an alternative embodiment, the present invention provides a solartracker apparatus. The apparatus has a clamp housing member configuredin an upright direction. The clamp housing member comprises a lowerregion and an upper region. The lower region is coupled to a pierstructure. The upper region comprises a spherical bearing device. Theupright direction is away from a direction of gravity. The apparatus hasa clam shell clamp member coupled to the cylindrical bearing and theclam shell clamp being suspended from the cylindrical bearing. In anexample, the apparatus has a torque tube comprising a first end and asecond end. The first end is coupled to the spherical bearing to supportthe torque tube from the upper region of the clamp housing member. Thetorque tube is configured from an off-set position from a center regionof rotation. The apparatus has a drive device coupled to the second endsuch that the drive device and the torque tube are configured to besubstantially free from a twisting action while under a load, e.g.,rotation, wind, other internal or external forces. Further details ofthe present examples can be found throughout the present specificationand more particularly below.

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a horizontal tracker 100apparatus configured with a plurality of solar modules 102 according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the present inventionprovides a tracker apparatus for solar modules 102. In an example, thesolar modules can be a silicon based solar module, a polysilicon basedsolar module, a concentrated solar module, or a thin film solar module,including cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium selenide(CuIn1-xGaxSe2 or CIGS), which is a direct bandgap semiconductor usefulfor the manufacture of solar cells, among others. As shown, each of thesolar panels can be arranged in pairs, which form an array. Of course,there can be other variations. In an example, the first pier and thesecond pier are provided on a sloped surface, an irregular surface, or aflat surface. The first pier and the second pier are two of a pluralityof piers provided for the apparatus. In example, the apparatus has asolar module configured in a hanging position or a supporting position.

The tracker apparatus has a first pier 104 comprising a first pivotdevice 106 and a second pier 104 comprising a drive mount 108. In anexample, the first pier is made of a solid or patterned metal structure,such as a wide beam flange or the like, as shown. In an example, each ofthe piers is inserted into the ground, and sealed, using cement or otherattachment material. Each pier is provided in generally an uprightposition and in the direction of gravity, although there can bevariations. In an example, each of the piers is spatially spaced along aregion of the ground, which may be flat or along a hillside or otherstructure, according to an embodiment. In an example, the first pillarcomprises a wide flange beam. In an example, the first pillar and thesecond pillar can be off-set and reconfigurable.

In an example, the drive mount 108 is capable for constructiontolerances in at least three-axis, and is configured to a drive device.The drive device 108 has an off-set clamp device 109 coupled to acylindrical bearing device coupled to a clamp member.

In an example, the apparatus has a cylindrical torque tube 110 operablydisposed on the first pier and the second pier. In an example, thecylindrical torque tube 110 comprises a one to ten inch diameter pipemade of Hollow Structure Steel (HSS) steel. The cylindrical torque tube110 comprises a first end and a second end, and a notch. The notch 112is one of a plurality of notches spatially disposed along a length ofthe cylindrical torque tube.

In an example, the apparatus has a clamp 114 (FIG. 45) configured aroundan annular portion of the cylindrical torque tube 110 and mate with thenotch to prevent movement of the clamp. The clamp 114 comprises asupport region 116 configured to support a portion of a solar module.The clamp 114 comprises a pin 117 configured with the notch. Theapparatus also has a rail 118 configured to the clamp 114. The rail 118comprises a thread region configured to hold a bolt 120, which isadapted to screw into the thread and bottom out against a portion ofcylindrical torque tube 110 such that the clamp is desirably torquedagainst the cylindrical torque tube. The apparatus has a solar module102 attached to the rail 118 or other attachment device-shared moduleclaim or other devices. The cylindrical torque tube 110 is one of aplurality of torque tubes configured in as a continuous structure andextends in length for 80 to 200 meters. Each pair of torque tubes isswage fitted together, and bolted for the configuration.

In an example, the apparatus also has a center of mass of along an axialdirection is matched with a pivot point of the drive device. The pivotpoint of the drive device 108 is fixed in three dimensions whilerotating along the center of mass. In an example, the off-set clamp 109comprises a crank device. The first pivot device (FIG. 11) comprises aspherical bearing 122 configured a clam-shell clamp device 124 to securethe first end to the cylindrical torque tube 110. In other examples, thedrive device 108 comprises a slew gear. The apparatus also has anoverrun device configured with the first pivot device. The overrundevice comprises a mechanical stop to allow the cylindrical torque tubeto rotate about a desired range. Further details of the present trackerapparatus can be found throughout the present specification and moreparticularly below.

FIGS. 2 through 7 illustrate a method of assembling the horizontaltracker apparatus of FIG. 1. As shown, the method includes disposing afirst pier into a first ground structure. The method also includesdisposing a second pier into a second ground structure. Each of thepiers is one of a plurality of piers to be spatially disposed along aground structure for one row of solar modules configured to a trackerapparatus.

In an example, the method includes configuring a first pivot device onthe first pier.

In an example, the method includes configuring a drive mount on thesecond pier. In an example, the drive mount is capable for constructiontolerances in at least three-axis. In an example, the drive mount isconfigured to a drive device having an off-set clamp device coupled to acylindrical bearing device coupled to a clamp member.

In an example, the method includes assembling a cylindrical torque tubeand operably disposing on the first pier and the second pier cylindricaltorque tube. The cylindrical torque tube comprises a first end and asecond end, and a notch. In an example, the notch is one of a pluralityof notches spatially disposed along a length of the cylindrical torquetube.

In an example, the method includes assembling a plurality of clampsspatially disposed and configured around an annular portion of thecylindrical torque tube. Each of the plurality of clamps is configuredto mate with the notch to prevent movement of the clamp. In an example,the clamp comprises a support region configured to support a portion ofa solar module.

In an example, the method includes attaching a rail configured to eachof the clamps, the rail comprising a thread region configured to hold abolt. The bolt is adapted to screw into the thread and bottom outagainst a portion of cylindrical torque tube such that the clamp isdesirably torqued against the cylindrical torque tube.

In an example, the method includes attaching a solar module to the railor other attachment device. Further details of other examples can befound throughout the present specification and more particularly below.

FIG. 8 is a simplified perspective view of a pair of horizontal trackerapparatus configured together with a plurality of solar panels accordingto an embodiment of the present invention. As shown is a trackerapparatus for solar modules. The tracker apparatus has a first piercomprising a first pivot device, a second pier comprising a drive mount,and a third pier comprising a second pivot device. The second pier isbetween the first and third piers, as shown in an example. Of course,additional piers can be configured on each outer side of the first andthird piers.

In an example, the drive mount is capable for construction tolerances inat least three-axis, and is configured to a drive device. The drivedevice has an off-set clamp device coupled to a cylindrical bearingdevice coupled to a clamp member.

In an example, the apparatus has a cylindrical torque tube operablydisposed on the first pier and the second pier, and then on the thirdpier. In an example, the cylindrical torque tube comprises a first endand a second end, and a notch. The notch is one of a plurality ofnotches spatially disposed along a length of the cylindrical torquetube. The apparatus has a clamp configured around an annular portion ofthe cylindrical torque tube and mate with the notch to prevent movementof the clamp. The clamp comprises a support region configured to supporta portion of a solar module. In an example, the cylindrical torque tubeis configured to the drive device to rotate the cylindrical torque tubewhile each of the clamp members holds the tube in place. Further detailsof the present apparatus can be found throughout the presentspecification and more particularly below.

FIG. 9 is a simplified diagram of a plurality of horizontal trackerapparatus configured together according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. As shown is a solar tracker apparatus. The apparatus has acenter of mass with an adjustable hanger assembly configured with a clamshell clamp assembly on the adjustable hanger assembly and a cylindricaltorque tube comprising a plurality of torque tubes configured togetherin a continuous length from a first end to a second end such that thecenter of mass is aligned with a center of rotation of the cylindricaltorque tubes to reduce a load of a drive motor operably coupled to thecylindrical torque tube. In an example, the drive motor is operable tomove the torque tube about the center of rotation and is substantiallyfree from a load. The center of rotation is offset from a center of thecylindrical torque tube.

In an example, the invention provides a tracker apparatus comprising aplurality of torque tubes comprising a first torque tube coupled to asecond torque tube coupled to an Nth torque tube, whereupon N is aninteger greater than 2. Each pair of torque tubes is coupled to eachother free from any welds.

In an example, a single drive motor can be coupled to a center region ofthe plurality of torque tubes to rotate the torque tube in a desirablemanner to allow each of the solar modules to track a direction ofelectromagnetic radiation from the sun.

In an example, each tracker apparatus comprises a torque tube coupled toan array of solar panels, as shown. Each of the tracker apparatus iscoupled to each other via the torque tube, and a pivot device. Eachtracker has a corresponding pair of piers, a torque tube, and one ormore pivot devices, as shown. Further details of each of these elementsare described in detail throughout the present specification.

FIG. 10 is a simplified diagram of an array of a plurality of horizontaltracker apparatus configured together according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. As shown are an array of horizontally configuredtracker devices to form a plurality of rows of tracker devices arrangedin a parallel manner. Each pair of rows of trackers has an avenue, whichallows for other applications. That is, row crops or other things can beprovided in the avenue, which extends along an entirety of eachhorizontal tracker row. In an example, the plurality of trackerapparatus is configured in an array within a geographic region. Each ofthe plurality of tracker apparatus is driven independently of each otherto cause each row to stow independently at a different or similar angle.Unlike conventional trackers, which often have mechanical device betweenthe rows, each of the avenues is continuous from one end to the otherend, as allows for a tractor or other vehicle to drive from one end tothe other end in a preferred example. Of course, there can be othervariations, modifications, and alternatives.

In an example, the apparatus is configured substantially free from anywelds during assembly, and can be assembled using conventional tools. Inan example, the torque tube is coupled to another torque tube via aswage device within a vicinity of the clam shall clamp member. In anexample, the torque tube is coupled to an elastomeric damper in line todampen torque movement to be substantially free from formation of aharmonic waveform along any portion of a plurality of solar panelsconfigured to the torque tube.

In an example, the apparatus further comprising a locking damper orrigid structure to configure a solar panel coupled to the torque tube ina fixed tilt position to prevent damage to stopper and lock into afoundation-in a position that is substantially free from fluttering inan environment with high movement of air. In an example, the lockingdamper fixes each of the plurality of solar modules in a desirable anglerelative to the direction of air or wind.

In an example, the apparatus has a controller apparatus configured in aninserter box provided in an underground region to protect the controllerapparatus. In an example, the inserter box is made of a suitablematerial, which is sealed and/or environmentally suitable to protect thecontroller apparatus.

In operation, the apparatus has a drive device to linearly actuate thetorque tube to allow for desirable positions of each of the solarmodules relative to incident electromagnetic radiation. In an example,an electrical connection and source (e.g., 120V, 60 Hz, 240V) is coupledto a drive device. Of course, there can be variations.

FIG. 11 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly 130 for thehorizontal tracker of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the presentinvention. As shown, the clamp assembly has a clamp housing member 132configured in an upright direction, which is a direction away from adirection of gravity. In an example, the clamp housing member comprisesa lower region 134 and an upper region 136. The lower region is coupledto a pier structure 104. The lower region has a thickness of materialcomprising bolt openings, which align to openings on an upper portion ofthe pier structure. Locking nuts and bolts are configured to hold thelower region of the clamp housing to the pier structure in an uprightmanner. At least a pair of openings is provided in each of the lowerregion of the clamp housing and the pier structure, as shown.

In an example, the upper region 136 comprises a spherical bearingdevice. The upper region has a tongue structure, which has an openingthat houses the spherical bearing 122 between a pair of plates, whichhold the bearing in place. In an example, the spherical bearing allowsfor rotational, and movement in each of the three axis directions withina desirable range. Each of the plates is disposed within a recessedregion on each side of the tongue structure. Each of the plates mayinclude a fastener to hold such plate in place within the recessedregion.

In an example, clamp assembly has a clam shell clamp member 124 coupledto the spherical bearing and the clam shell clamp being suspended fromthe spherical bearing. That is, the clam shell clamp 124 has a firstside 124 a and a second side 124 b. Each side has an upper regioncomprising an opening. A pin is inserted through each of the openings,while an opening of the spherical bearing is provided as a thirdsuspension region between each of the openings, as shown.

Each side of the clam shell 124 is shaped to conform or couple to atleast one side of a portion of the torque tube 110, as shown. Each sidehas one or more opens, which align to one or more openings on theportion of the torque tube. A pin or bolt is inserted through each ofthe openings to clamp the clam shell clamp to the portion of the torquetube and surround substantially an entirety of a peripheral region ofthe torque tube. The pin or bolt or pins or bolts also holds the torquetube in a fixed position relative to the clam shell clamp to prevent thetorque tube from slipping and/or twisting within the clam shell clamp.Of course, there can be variations.

In an example, the spherical bearing allows for a constructiontolerance, tracker movement, and acts as a bonding path of leastresistance taking an electrical current to ground. The bonding pathoccurs from any of the modules, through the frame, to each of the clampassembly, to one or more piers, and then to ground.

In an example, a torque tube comprising a first end and a second end iscoupled to the spherical bearing to support the torque tube from theupper region of the clamp housing member. In an example, the torque tubeis configured from an off-set position from a center region of rotation.

In an example, a drive device, which will be described in more detailbelow, is coupled to the second end such that the drive device and thetorque tube are configured to be substantially free from a twistingaction while under a load.

In an example, the clam shell apparatus comprising a first memberoperably coupled to a second member to hold a torque tube in place. Inan example, the apparatus has a clamp housing operably coupled to theclam shell apparatus via a spherical bearing device such that thespherical bearing comprises an axis of rotation, which is different froma center of the torque tube.

FIGS. 12 through 14 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the clamp assembly of FIG. 11. In an example, the presentmethod is for assembling a solar tracker apparatus. The method includesproviding a clamp housing member configured in an upright direction. Theclamp housing member comprises a lower region and an upper region. In anexample, the lower region is coupled to a pier structure. The upperregion comprises a spherical bearing device. In an example, the uprightdirection is away from a direction of gravity. In an example, the methodincludes coupling a first half clam shell clamp member and a second halfclam shell clamp member (collectively a clam shell clamp member) to thecylindrical bearing. The method also includes supporting a torque tubebetween the first half clam shell clamp and the second half clam shellclamp, each of which is coupled to the spherical bearing to support thetorque tube from the upper region of the clamp housing member, thetorque tube being configured from an off-set position from a centerregion of rotation.

In an example, the apparatus is configured substantially free from anywelds during assembly. In an example, the torque tube is coupled toanother torque tube via a swage device within a vicinity of the clamshell clamp member. In an example, the torque tube is coupled to anelastomeric damper in line to dampen torque movement to be substantiallyfree from formation of a harmonic waveform along any portion of aplurality of solar panels configured to the torque tube.

In an example, the method includes coupling a pin member to the firsthalf clam shell clamp member, the second half clam shell clamp member,and the spherical bearing. In an example, the method includes coupling afirst member and a second member to sandwich the spherical bearing to atongue region of the upper region of the clamp housing member. In anexample, the spherical bearing is configured for rotation, and movementof the pin to pivot along a solid angle region. In an example, thehousing clamp member is a continuous structure made of cast or stampedor machined metal material. In an example, each of the first half clamshell member and the second half claim shell member is made of a solidcontinuous structure that is cast or stamped or machined metal material.In an example, the spherical bearing allows for a constructiontolerance, tracker movement, and acting as a bonding path of leastresistance taking an electrical current to ground. Further details ofthe present method and apparatus can be found throughout the presentspecification and more particularly below.

FIG. 15 is a simplified perspective diagram of a drive assembly 108configured on a pier member 104 according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. In an example, as shown, the solar tracker apparatuscomprises a drive device. The drive device 108 is coupled to an electricmotor 140, which can be DC or AC. The drive device has a shaft, whichrotates around a rotational point, and drives each crank 109, which isdescribed below. The drive device 108 is provided on a support or drivemount, which is configured on an upper region of a pier 104, which hasbeen described. The drive device 108 is coupled to a crank 109 coupledto the drive device and configured in an offset manner to a frameassembly, which has a plurality of solar modules.

In an example, the drive device 108 provides rotation to a continuoustorque tube 110 spatially disposed from a first region to a secondregion. The drive device has a drive line, which couples via a gear boxto drive a pair of cranks. Each crank is coupled to each side of thedrive device, which causes rotational movement of each crank.

In an example, the crank comprises a first crank coupled to a first sideof the drive device and a second crank coupled to a second side of thedrive device. In an example, the crank comprises a first crank coupledto a first side of the drive device and a second crank coupled to asecond side of the drive device. In an example, each crank has a flangehaving a plurality of bolt openings to couple to one side of the drivedevice. Each crank has an arm, which is normal to each flange, andcouples to cylindrical member that has one or more bolt openings. Theapparatus has a first torque tube coupled to the first crank via thecylindrical member and a second torque tube coupled to the second crankvia another cylindrical member. In an example, a first swage fitting iscoupling the first crank to the first torque tube and a second swagefitting is coupling the second crank to the second torque tube. One ormore bolts are inserted through the cylindrical members to secure aportion of the torque tube in place, and keep it free from rotation ortwisting within the cylindrical member, and lock it into place, asshown.

In an example, each of the cranks is made of a suitable metal materialthat may be cast, machined, or stamped. Each cylindrical member is madeof a suitable metal material to coupled to an end of the torque tube, asshown. A swage fitting can be provided to couple or connect the end ofthe torque tube to each cylindrical member as shown. Of course, therecan be variations. Further details of assembling the drive device can befound throughout the present specification, and more particularly below.

FIGS. 16 through 19 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method forassembling the drive assembly of FIG. 15. In an example, the methodincludes providing a drive device, as shown. In an example, the methodincludes coupling the drive device via a drive line or shaft to anelectric motor, which can be DC or AC. The method includes coupling thedrive device to a support or drive mount, which is configured on anupper region of a pier, which has been described. In an example, thepier comprising a plurality of support structures coupled to a drivedevice support. The drive device support having a first member coupledto the plurality of support structures, and a second member coupled tothe drive device.

In an example, the method includes coupling the drive device a crankcoupled to the drive device and configured in an offset manner to aframe assembly, which has a plurality of solar modules. In an example,the drive device has the drive line, which couples via a gear box todrive a pair of cranks. Each crank is coupled to each side of the drivedevice, which causes rotational movement of each crank. In an example,the crank comprises a first crank coupled to a first side of the drivedevice and a second crank coupled to a second side of the drive device.In an example, the crank comprises a first crank coupled to a first sideof the drive device and a second crank coupled to a second side of thedrive device. In an example, each crank has a flange having a pluralityof bolt openings to couple to one side of the drive device. Each crankhas an arm, which is normal to each flange, and couples to cylindricalmember that has one or more bolt openings. The apparatus has a firsttorque tube coupled to the first crank via the cylindrical member and asecond torque tube coupled to the second crank via another cylindricalmember. In an example, a first swage fitting is coupling the first crankto the first torque tube and a second swage fitting is coupling thesecond crank to the second torque tube. One or more bolts are insertedthrough the cylindrical members to secure a portion of the torque tubein place, and keep it free from rotation or twisting within thecylindrical member, and lock it into place, as shown.

FIG. 20 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly 130 separate and apart from a pier member 104 according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the clamp assembly 130has a clamp housing member 132 configured in an upright direction, whichis a direction away from a direction of gravity. In an example, theclamp housing member 132 comprises a lower region and an upper region.The lower region is coupled to a pier structure. The lower region has athickness of material comprising bolt openings, which align to openingson an upper portion of the pier structure. Locking nuts and bolts areconfigured to hold the lower region of the clamp housing to the pierstructure in an upright manner. At least a pair of openings is providedin each of the lower region of the clamp housing and the pier structure,as shown. Each of the openings in the lower region of the clamp housingis configured as a slot to allow for adjustment in a direction normal tothe direction of the length of the pier structure. Each of the openingsin the pier structure is configured as an elongated slot in thedirection of the length of the pier structure to allow for adjustment inthe same direction. Of course, there can be variations, where thedirections of the slots are exchanged and/or combined.

In an example, the upper region comprises a spherical bearing device122. The upper region has a tongue structure, which has an opening thathouses the spherical bearing between a pair of plates, which hold thebearing in place. In an example, the spherical bearing allows forrotational, and movement in each of the three axis directions within adesirable range. Each of the plates is disposed within a recessed regionon each side of the tongue structure. Each of the plates may include afastener to hold such plate in place within the recessed region.

In an example, the clamp housing 132 has a pair of openings and lowerregion that is designed like a heart like shape and a tongue region,which supports the spherical bearing assembly, as shown. Each lobe 142of the heart like shape acts as a stop for movement of the torque tubein a lateral rotational movement in either direction depending upon thespatial orientation of the lobe 142. Further details of the clamphousing can be found further below.

In an example, clamp assembly has a clam shell clamp member 124 coupledto the spherical bearing 122 and the clam shell clamp being suspendedfrom the spherical bearing. That is, the clam shell clamp has a firstside 124 a and a second side 124 b. Each side has an upper regioncomprising an opening. A pin is inserted through each of the openings,while an opening of the spherical bearing is provided as a thirdsuspension region between each of the openings, as shown.

Each side of the clam shell is shaped to conform or couple to at leastone side of a portion of the torque tube, as shown. Each side has one ormore opens, which align to one or more openings on the portion of thetorque tube. A pin or bolt is inserted through each of the openings toclamp the clam shell clamp to the portion of the torque tube andsurround substantially an entirety of a peripheral region of the torquetube. The pin or bolt or pins or bolts also holds the torque tube in afixed position relative to the clam shell clamp to prevent the torquetube from slipping and/or twisting within the clam shell clamp. Ofcourse, there can be variations.

In an example, the spherical bearing allows for a constructiontolerance, tracker movement, and acts as a bonding path of leastresistance taking an electrical current to ground. The bonding pathoccurs from any of the modules, through the frame, to each of the clampassembly, to one or more piers, and then to ground.

In an example, the clam shell apparatus comprising a first memberoperably coupled to a second member to hold a torque tube in place. Inan example, the apparatus has a clamp housing operably coupled to theclam shell apparatus via a spherical bearing device such that thespherical bearing comprises an axis of rotation, which is different froma center of the torque tube.

FIG. 21 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member according to an embodiment of thepresent invention. As shown, a pair of nuts and bolts holds the pierstructure to the clamp housing along the dotted line.

FIG. 22 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member in a first orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the clamp housing can beoff-set in a vertical and lateral manner using the slots in each of thepier and housing structure facing the in-line view of the torque tube.

FIG. 23 is a simplified in-line view diagram illustrating a clampassembly coupled to a pier member in a second orientation according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the clamp housing canbe adjusted in a rotational manner (in either direction) using the sameslots in each of the pier and housing structures facing the in-line viewof the torque tube.

FIG. 24 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a first orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the housing and pierstructure, along with the torque tube, are arranged in a normalorientation using the pins configuring the torque tube to the clam shellclamp member. As shown, the clamp member has an elongated opening toallow each of the pins to be adjusted in place, which allows therelationship of the clamp and torque tube to be adjusted.

FIG. 25 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a second orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube isshifted in an in-line direction (either way) using the slots in theclamp, while the torque tube has a smaller opening for the pin, whichdoes not allow for any adjustment, in an example.

FIG. 26 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a third orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube can berotated or adjusted relative to the direction of the length of the pierusing the movement of the spherical bearing assembly, explained andshown. As shown, the torque tube is parallel to the direction of gravityin an example.

FIG. 27 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a fourth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube can berotated or adjusted relative to the direction of the length of the pierusing the movement of the spherical bearing assembly, explained andshown. As shown, the torque tube is not parallel to the direction ofgravity in an example.

FIG. 28 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a fifth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube, housing,and clamp are aligned in this example.

FIG. 29 is a simplified side view diagram illustrating a clamp assemblycoupled to a pier member in a sixth orientation according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tube, housing,and clamp are aligned in this example. However, the position of thespherical bearing to pin has shifted in one direction by sliding the pinin the same direction, although the pin can be slid in the otheropposite direction in other examples. In this example, pin to clamparrangement can be moved along the pin from one spatial region toanother spatial region.

FIGS. 30 through 32 illustrate an in-line view of the clamp assembly 130and the drive assembly 108 in multiple configurations according toembodiments of the present invention. As shown, the crank 109 is in alower position, which allows for the torque tube 110 to be at its lowestposition in an example. As the drive device 108 moves the crank 109, thetorque tube 110 swings from the lowest position to an elevated positionin a radial manner along a first direction or an elevated position in aradial manner along a second direction, as shown (FIGS. 31 and 32). Asthe torque tube 110 rotates, the plurality of solar panels fixed to thetorque tube also rotate along a path from a first spatial region to asecond spatial region. As shown, each of the inner regions 144 of thelobes 142 acts as a stop for the torque tube 110 or an override for thetorque tube. Of course, there can be other variations.

FIG. 33 is a side view diagram of the tracker apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown is a side view diagram ofthe torque tube, solar panels with frames, and clamp housing andstructure.

FIGS. 34 and 35 are simplified side view diagrams of a torque tubeaccording to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, each ofthe torque tubes has a plurality of openings on each end for affixing toeither the clamp or drive device cylinder. Each of the torque tubes alsohas a plurality of openings for clamps configured to hold the tube to aframe coupled to the plurality of solar modules.

FIGS. 36, 37, and 38 are simplified perspective-view, side view, andfront view diagrams of a clamp member or half clam shell memberaccording to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown are theclam shell members, including pin opening to be coupled to the sphericalbearing, and a plurality of slots for bolts to hold the torque tube inplace and for adjustment.

FIGS. 39 and 40 are simplified perspective-view and side view diagramsof a clamp housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.As shown is the clamp housing configured as a heart like shape, withtongue. The tongue has a recessed region, and an opening or slot for thespherical bearing. The housing also has a member to be coupled to thepier structure.

FIGS. 41, 42, 43, and 44 are simplified diagrams of component(s) for aU-bolt member according to an embodiment of the present invention. Asshown is a U-bolt member and a pair of nuts to secure the U-bolt. Thecomponents also includes an upper clamp with a protrusion to be coupledto a notch or opening in the torque tube to present any movement betweenthe torque tube and U-bolt member. That is, the protrusion acts as astop to hold the U-bolt in place.

FIGS. 45, 46, and 47 are simplified diagrams illustrating a method ofconfiguring a U-bolt member to a torque tube according to an embodimentof the present invention. As shown are U-bolt coupled to a periphery ofthe torque tube. The clamp member including protrusion, which has athinner portion and thicker portion, coupled to a notch in the torquetube. A pair of bolts fastens and secures the clamp member and U-bolt inplace to hold the frame structure, which couples to the plurality ofsolar modules.

FIGS. 48 and 49 illustrate various views of a tracker apparatusaccording to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, thetorque tube and tracker apparatus are in a normal rest position.

FIGS. 50 and 51 illustrate views of a tracker apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown, a lateral force isprovided against a direction normal to the length of the torque tube,which causes one end of the torque tube to move in the lateraldirection, while the other end remains fixed in an example.

FIGS. 52 and 53 illustrate an illustration of a torque tube according toan embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the torque tuberotates and swings in a radial manner upon being subjected to thelateral force, in an example. The torque tube stops against an innerside of one of the lobes of the clamp housing.

FIG. 54 is a perspective diagram of a clamp housing and support memberaccording to an example of the present invention. As shown is a firstconfiguration of the clamp to the support member.

FIG. 55 is a perspective diagram of a clamp housing and support memberaccording to an example of the present invention. As shown is a secondconfiguration of the clamp to the support member. In an example, thesupport member has an elongated slot that allows for the clamp member tomove from a first spatial location to a second spatial location in acontinuous manner along a determined direction. A pair of nuts/bolts orother fasteners are provided to secure the housing to the support, asshown.

FIG. 56 is a front-view diagram of the clamp housing and support memberaccording to an example of the present invention.

FIGS. 57 and 58 illustrate a perspective view and a front view of thesupport member according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 59 illustrate a perspective view of the clamp housing according toan example of the present invention.

FIG. 60 is an illustration of a plurality of torque tubes configured ina stack for transportation in an example. As shown, each of the torquetubes has at least a pair of clamp or spacers having a recessed region,which has a similar or same curvature as the torque tube to allow thetorque tube to be inserted into the recessed region and be substantiallyfree from movement once the plurality of tubes have been strappedtogether.

FIG. 61 is a more detailed illustration of a clamp or spacer having arecessed region for stacking in the stack of the prior Figure. As shown,each clamp or upper clamp or spacer has a recessed region, whichintimately mates or couples with an outer periphery of the torque tube.Of course, there can be variations.

FIGS. 62, 63, and 64 illustrate various views of the drive devicesupport member according to an example of the present invention. Asshown, the member has a built-in offset so that a horizontal portionremains centered over a pier structure. In an example, the offset canalso be used to shift the drive device in a north-south direction orother direction. By installing the drive mount backwards, on theappropriate side of the pier, the drive can be moved about one inch orother dimension in the desired direction. In an example, the supportmember has a plurality of spacer plates, which can be 3/16-inch thick orother dimension. In an example, only one set of spacer plates may beused due to the length of the four 5052 M16×50 bolts, although there canbe variations.

FIGS. 65 and 66 illustrate various views of a clamp assembly accordingto an example of the present invention.

FIGS. 67 through 71 illustrate various view of a horizontal trackerconfigured with a plurality of solar panels in a portrait view accordingto examples of the present invention. As shown, each of the solar panelscan be configured where the length is aligned with a direction ofgravity, while the width is normal to the length.

FIG. 72 is a simplified plot illustrating a force plotted against a windspeed in an example of the present invention. As shown, the presentmethod and apparatus have a lower drive force. In an example, a benefitof the present apparatus that the center of mass is configured to allowthe solar modules to rotate about a first angle through a solid angle toa second angle, while the amount of load in driving the rotating issubstantially the same, unlike conventional tracker technologies.

FIGS. 73, 74, and 75 illustrate a support member in a perspective,front, and side view diagrams according to examples of the presentinvention. As shown, the support has a flat member comprising a pair ofopenings (elongated slots), a length, and a width to be configured to apier structure, as described. The flat member is a truck of a y-shapedstructure. Each of the branches extending from the flat member comprisesa first portion configured to a first portion of the flat member, and asecond portion configured to an upper region of the flat member. Each ofthe branches has an elongated slot perpendicular to the flat member.Each of the slots can be used to allow for an adjustment along adirection of the slot when configured to the pier or a structure for theclamp member.

FIGS. 76 and 77 are simplified side-view diagrams of the support andclamp assembly from a first side view and a second side view.

FIGS. 78 through 83 are various simplified illustrations of a frame,torque tube, and clamp assembly according to embodiments of the presentinvention.

FIG. 84 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly with support in afirst position configured in a portion of the elongated slot in thesupport member.

FIG. 85 is a simplified diagram of a clamp assembly with support in afirst position configured in a first portion of the elongated slot inthe support member, and a second position configured in a second portionof the elongated slot of the support member.

FIG. 86 is an expanded view of the clamp assembly configured to thesupport member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In an example, the present parts and elements can be made of suitablematerial, such as steel, aluminum, or other alloys. Additionally, suchsteel and/or alloys and/or aluminum can be cast, stamped, or welded, orcombinations thereof. Of course, there can be other variations,modifications, and alternatives. In an example, the drive motor isoperable to move the torque tube about the center of rotation and issubstantially free from a load and move the torque tube about the centerof rotation at substantially a same force from a first radial positionto a second radial position.

It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein arefor illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changesin light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and areto be included within the spirit and purview of this application andscope of the appended claims.

I claim:
 1. A solar tracker apparatus, the apparatus comprising: acontinuous torque tube; a drive device, connected to one end of thecontinuous torque tube; a frame assembly coupled to the continuoustorque tube, the frame assembly arranged substantially perpendicular toa longitudinal axis of the continuous torque tube and supporting aplurality of solar modules; a clamp assembly including a housing coupledto the continuous torque tube such that the continuous torque tube issuspended within the housing from a tongue structure having an openingtherein, the housing including an opening having a major plane normal tothe longitudinal axis of the continuous torque tube and through whichthe torque tube extends, the opening of the housing enclosing thecontinuous torque tube therein; a first stop formed on the housing thatlimits movement of the continuous torque tube about a center of rotationin a first direction; and a second stop formed on the housing thatlimits movement of the continuous torque tube about the center ofrotation in a second direction; wherein the drive device is operable tomove the torque tube about the center of rotation from a first positionto a second position such that the tongue structure comprises the centerof rotation, which is different than a center of the torque tube.
 2. Theapparatus of claim 1 wherein the continuous torque tube moves such thata spatial point of the continuous torque tube faces the center ofrotation as the continuous torque tube pivots from the first position tothe second position.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising acrank; wherein the crank comprises a first crank coupled to a first sideof the drive device and a second crank coupled to a second side of thedrive device; the first crank comprising a first flange connected to thefirst side of the drive device, and the second crank comprising a secondflange connected to the second side of the drive device, the first crankfurther comprising a first arm coupled to a first cylinder swage fittedto a first end of the continuous torque tube, the second crankcomprising a second arm coupled to a second cylinder swage fitted to asecond end of the continuous torque tube; wherein the continuous torquetube is off-set from an axis of the drive device.
 4. The apparatus ofclaim 1 further comprising a crank; wherein the crank comprises a firstcrank coupled to a first side of the drive device and a second crankcoupled to a second side of the drive device.
 5. The apparatus of claim1 further comprising a crank; wherein the crank comprises a first crankcoupled to a first side of the drive device and a second crank coupledto a second side of the drive device; and further comprises a firstswage fitting coupling the first crank to the continuous torque tube anda second swage fitting coupling the second crank to the continuoustorque tube.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a piercoupled to the drive device, the pier comprising a plurality of supportstructures coupled to a drive device support, the drive device supporthaving a first member coupled to the plurality of support structures,and a second member coupled to the drive device.
 7. The apparatus ofclaim 1 further comprising a drive mount coupled to a pier.
 8. Theapparatus of claim 1 wherein the continuous torque tube comprises afirst portion contacting the first inner region to stop the movement ofthe torque tube in the first direction and wherein the continuous torquetube comprises a second portion contacting the second inner region tostop the movement of the torque tube in the second direction.